HMRC & AI: A Guide for Freelancers

Yes, you may have tried ChatGPT for funny pictures, silly poems, or looking up random trivia. But here’s the kicker: HMRC have been using AI for yonks. While we’ve only just started asking robots to draw cats in spacesuits, HMRC’s been quietly running super-snooping software to check whether your tax return adds up.

1. Yes, HMRC already uses AI

HMRC has a supercomputer brain called Connect. It’s been around since 2010 and hoovers up data like a Dyson on steroids: bank info, eBay sales, Land Registry, even your car logbook. It then goes: “Hmm… you said you only earned £20k, but you bought a Tesla last year?”

Translation: if your lifestyle doesn’t match your tax return, expect a letter.

2. The “Nudge” tactic

Instead of full-on tax investigations, HMRC often sends “nudge” letters. Think of it as the bureaucratic version of your mum texting “I saw you online at 2am – why weren’t you asleep?”

The letter basically says: “We think something looks odd. Care to check before we dig deeper?”

3. What AI actually spots

The AI isn’t watching you through your webcam. It’s crunching numbers and patterns:

• Weird spending: big expenses or too many “round numbers.”

• Side hustles not declared: selling on Etsy/Uber/eBay but nothing on your tax return.

• Odd swings: one year £10k, next year £100k, then £5k.

It doesn’t always mean you’ve done something wrong – but the system goes “that looks fishy”.

4. How to avoid getting on the robot’s bad side

• Record receipts (yes, even the dodgy crumpled ones in your glovebox).

• Separate personal and business money. AI loves a clean bank feed.

• Explain the weird stuff. Big dip in income? Bought new kit? Add a note.

• Don’t ignore letters. Silence = red flag.

5. Myths you can stop worrying about

• “Robots decide my tax bill.” Nope. Humans still make the final call. The AI just picks who to look at.

• “They won’t notice little old me.” Hate to break it to you, but freelancers and micro-businesses are exactly who they do notice – because there are millions of us.

• “They can’t see my side hustle.” Mate… they probably can.

6. The bottom line

HMRC’s AI is basically like the nosy neighbour who notices you’ve bought a new car but never sees you go to work. Keep your story straight, keep your records neat, and when HMRC knocks, you won’t panic.